This technology provides a method for making a nanofluid by nuclear irradiating a mixture of a base fluid and precursor to form the nanofluid. Nanofluids exhibit superior thermal properties such as enhanced thermal conductivity, viscosity, heat transfer coefficient, dielectric strength, etc. However
Fly ash, is a waste by-product from the coal-fired electricity generating stations. Power stations need to dispose of the fly ash in a safe and environmentally friendly manner, making the need to utilize fly ash important. The production of zeolites is one way to beneficiate the fly ash waste where

The technology relates to a new generation of telecommunications and data processing technology with improved wavelength sensitivity in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths range rather than microwave communication in 2–4 GHz. The technology provides the realisation of optical sources (LEDs)